Examination Of Past And Present Ethical Guidelines On...

Eilidh Cowan Ethics of Biomedical Science Research Ioan Alexandru Beldean Examination of past and present ethical guidelines on biomedical research Ethics can be defined as a set of moral values informing one’s decisions. But this set of moral values can be influenced by many different things, such as various cultures, religions, and even technological advancements. This is called moral relativism, the idea that there are no real truths in ethics and what is right or wrong varies person by person. That is why before there was any codes or set of rules regarding what was ethical put in place, people were able to get away with doing all sorts of scientific research, that would now be deemed unethical. Biomedical research is to be done to eventually better the health of humans. Biomedical research has been going on for many years, it is how we have knowledge of many deadly diseases as well as the discovery of vaccines and antibiotics! These things seem so common today, but infact went through lots of stages of research to get to the technologies we have today. However, before 1947, there were no codes of ethics or regulations to ensure that research being done was ethical. The smallpox vaccination, although the first successful vaccine to ever be developed, would be considered highly unethical today. Edward Jenner experimented on a healthy young 8 year old boy without consent. In today’s society, this study would never have been allowed to continue. There are many otherShow MoreRelatedAnimal Experimentation And The Early Greek Era1716 Words   |  7 PagesExperimentation has been dated as far back as to the Early Greek Era. This practice has been viewed as ethical by research scientists trying to find new medical breakthroughs. Yet, in recent year s, the use of animals in research and experimentation has been frowned upon by animal protection groups and animal rights activists. Animals are protected by certain guidelines and ethics prior to their use in research. Contrary to popular belief, animal experimentation should be viewed on a positive note, due toRead MoreControls And Ethical Considerations Of Animal Experiments : International Laws And Islamic Perspectives Essay1642 Words   |  7 Pages Controls and Ethical Considerations in Animal Experiments: International Laws and Islamic Perspectives : Developing use of creatures in the examination ventures has attracted more thoughtfulness regarding their welfare and morals encompassing this practice. Scattering of data about the current moral thought and choices in creature tests has two vital capacities; to start with, it builds the scientist s attention to the conceivable techniques for utilizing creatures as a part of the test, and secondRead MoreThe Efficacy And Safety For Smoking Cessation Treatment5216 Words   |  21 PagesRandomization Criteria Subjects who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be randomized using a computer-generated randomization schedule. An equal number of subjects will be randomized into the NiX and placebo treatment groups. 4.4 Life Style Guidelines Participants will be expected to abstain from the use of any tobacco products during the course of the study. Participants will also be expected to abstain from the use of marijuana and e-cigarettes. Subjects will be expected to refrain from usingRead MoreNursing Ethics4846 Words   |  20 Pages issue debated among healthcare professionals who routinely face lifethreatening situations. Presentation of a case study involving a family’s presence during CPR provides students in a critical care nursing course valuable experience in making ethical decisions that will prepare the students for the inevitable dilemmas faced by professional nurses. Case Study A 40-year-old man lost control of his vehicle and struck a guardrail in a single-car collision. He was not wearing a seat belt and wasRead MoreThe Belmont Report8852 Words   |  36 Pagesestablished the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research in 1974. The National Commission was charged with: †¢ Identifying the ethical principles to guide all research involving human subjects †¢ Developing guidelines for the conduct of ethical research involving human subjects The Belmont Report identified three principles essential to the ethical conduct of research with humans: †¢ Respect for persons †¢ Beneficence †¢ Justice The principleRead MorePublic Health Informatics And Its Results Essay5975 Words   |  24 Pagesand organization processes such as change management3. Because of the presence of different institutions that effect public health across the globe, varying terminologies have emerged to refer to health informatics such as clinical informatics, biomedical informatics, and healthcare informatics. The variance in terminology can also be attributed to the fact that public health adheres to distinctive demographics. Despite all these differences, all these fields can be exemplified using the informaticsRead MoreHistory and Moral Development of Mental Health Treatment and Involuntary Commitment10378 Words   |  42 Pagesbenefits of the decision, and to be free from any coercion. These same three legal elements still form the basis of court decisions, statutes, and they were endorsed by the Report of Presidents Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and on Biomedical and Behavioral Research (Medical Health Care Decisions, 1982). In ancient Greece and Rome, care of mentally ill and retarded individuals was largely the responsibility of those persons families, relatives or close friends. Centuries laterRead Morestrategic management for KPJ Penang8073 Words   |  33 Pagesto become? What is our business? Includes Objectives Values Customers Products/Services Markets Technology Concern for survival Philosophy Self-Concept Concern for public image Concern for employees Future or present time Talks about the future Talks about the present To whom it is developed? Employees of the company Employees, customers, suppliers, distributors, partners and communities Which one is created first? Developed first Developed only when vision is available How often doesRead MoreSources of Ethics20199 Words   |  81 PagesHumGen: 37 Nuffield Council on Bioethics: 39 The European Union’s: 43 2.22- GENETICAL BEHAVIOR: 44 2.23- ETHICS OF BEHAVIOR HAS A BIOLOGICAL BASIS? 47 Behavioural Ethics And Genetics Study: 48 Implications of Behavioural Genetics Research In Society: 50 How the genes influence behaviour and ethics: 52 2.3- PHILOSOPHICAL: 55 2.31- Contribution Of In Ethics By The Source Of Philosophical Systems: 55 2.32- Contribution of Aristotle: 57 2.33- Contributions By Other ImportantRead MoreCritical Analysis of Patient Care Utilising John’s Model of Structured Reflection5710 Words   |  23 Pagesevaluate the management of Mr. Cox during his 30 day stay as a patient in the Intensive Care Unit (ITU). Description A pseudonym has been used to protect the identity of the patient in accordance with the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC 2002). Past medical history Alcohol abuse (1 bottle of whisky and approximately 10 cans beer per day); Liver failure; Cardiomyopathy; Heavy smoker (23-30 cigarettes a day). Mr Cox a 61 year old gentleman was admitted to hospital following a 2 day history of

Flaws In Current Standardized Testing - 1147 Words

The use of standardized tests is not something new. Everyone should know about their importance and the emphasis put on them, along with the stress that follows. There are multiple choice tests, high-stakes tests, and the dreaded time-limited tests. It is true to say not all tests are created equal; however, every one of these tests has serious flaws. Standardized tests are unfair because they fail to measure students abilities, they cause an unnecessary amount of stress, and there are too many incentives to teach the test. Like Bert Lance one said, â€Å"If it ain’t broke don’t fix it.† This is the way many people feel about standardized testing. To them the tests appear to be a reliable and harmless way to measure students’†¦show more content†¦So much emphasis is placed on standardized testing, and whether students obtain all the information they need throughout their class to do well on a test is based upon the teacher. If a teacher lacks the power to successfully get their students to absorb their curriculum, then the students may fail to do well on their tests or in the class. If the students happen to do poorly on the standardized tests, there is no way of knowing why because they do not provide any feedback on how to perform better. This makes it hard for teachers to know how and where to improve. Test scores determine teacher evaluation and salary along with whether the school is doing well as a whole. Because of this, teachers have started planning their curriculum around state tests according to a study performed by the National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing (Evans). This is known as â€Å"teaching to the test, which means focusing on the content that will be on the test and using the format of the test as a foundation for the teacher’s curriculum. Doing this also narrows the curriculum, forcing teachers and students to concentrate on memorization of isolated facts inste ad of digesting them. Most of classroom time consists of either taking the tests or preparing for the tests, and this shuts out the possibility of learning anything new or significant. Whether aShow MoreRelatedAlfie Kohn Literature Review Essay1102 Words   |  5 Pagesshow adequate yearly progress (AYP). Alfie Kohn points out that, in some cases, our students have become victims of standardize testing. In his article, Standardized Testing and Its Victims (2000), he demonstrates how testing have become detrimental to our students instead of helping them. He outlines these detrimental issues with eight facts. Standardized testing has gotten out of control and has become more of a detriment to our students. Students are being forced to follow a curriculum thatRead MoreSecurity Proplanation And Enumeration Protocol : Security Content Automation Protocol971 Words   |  4 PagesSecurity content automation protocol or SCAP is a suite of specifications that regulates the method for communicating software flaw and security configuration information between machines and humans. [1] It provides automated and standardized approach for implementing baseline security configurations, checking that the patches for security vulnerabilities exist, monitoring the system security, checking if system is compromised and being able to establish the exact the posture of security for a systemRead MoreEssay about Schools Must Reduce Their Use of Standard Tests728 Words   |  3 PagesLeft Behind and some sort of state-mandated standardized testing. Growing up in Pennsylvania, we had the PSSA’s, 4 Sig hts, and Keystone Exams. They always had felt trivial, but they did serve some purpose as far as immediate impact to our school days. The use of standardized testing as a quantitative tool of measuring student’s performance took off in 2002 with the passing of the No Child Left Behind Act (â€Å"Standardized Tests,†2003). Standardized testing was part of the initiative to become the highestRead MoreStandardized Testing : A Positive Policy For Today s Students With A Massive Educational Impairment793 Words   |  4 Pagesto make our public schools once again the pride of our nation† (Ravitch 260). At this point in time, the testing process that most, if not, all schools have adopted is proving to be an impediment to our education system that many are not proud of. Students today are more focused on getting the grade rather than the knowledge and experience that is needed for their future. Standardized testing, in a nutshell, could be a positive policy for today’s students. The execution of these baseline tests areRead MoreReflection And Goal Setting Exercise1142 Words   |  5 PagesCall for Educated Action Dear Madam Secretary DeVos, After observing scenes at a Baltimore public school, it is clear that there are intense flaws with the current standards — annual standardized testing and the grading of schools and teachers based on test performance — of No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and the act must be recalled and revised at its current state. Despite the numerous issues in the aftermath of NCLB’s implementation, certain aspects of NCLB such as annual school reportings and studentRead MoreShould Students Be College Ready?1097 Words   |  5 Pagesinto law, requiring all states to test students in reading and in math in grades 3 through 8 and once in high school (Klein). This testing was designed to, as the act states, â€Å"leave no child behind.† However, because of this testing, many children are falling behind because of this very idea: standardized testing. For high school students specifically, standardized testing is the ultimate factor in whether the students are â€Å"college re ady† by the school’s terms or not. A test where bubbling A, B, C,Read MoreAmerica s Educational System Must Improve Nationally By Removing Standardized Testing1287 Words   |  6 Pageseducational system could improve nationally by removing standardized testing. American has recognized some of the flaws the education system has presented and chose to fix them; however, one of these problems has been standardized testing, which has not been identified nor changed. Standardized testing inflicts many problems to students that need to be fixed immediately. From inefficient teachers to poorer school systems, standardized testing needs to change because it deteriorates America’s educationRead MoreThe Texas Assessment Of Knowledge And Skills1612 Words   |  7 Pagesskills, known as TAKS is a standardized test used throughout the State of Texas to determine whether or not a child is prepared for the next grade level. The TAKS test was implemented in 2003 to replace th e â€Å"No child Left behind Act† The new addition to the test added science as well as social studies to the already existing math, reading and English. This test was design to obtain more information on where students currently resided in academics. Many have found flaw and criticized this test forRead MoreAmerican Education: The Afflicted System1210 Words   |  5 Pagesproblems with the education system. Some solutions had good intentions but were not implemented well. Other solutions had little to no benefits on the system. Education has taken the back seat and allowed standardized testing to drive. American education has become a deformed and twisted system with many flaws that are in desperate need of repair. The Beginnings of American Public Education Early British colonist established the first schools in America. The schools in the Northern states closely resembledRead MoreThe Unfairness Of Standardized Tests Essay1566 Words   |  7 PagesThe Unfairness of Standardized Tests The practice of standardized testing is one that is ancient, dating back to the practice of making government prospects to take examinations to test their knowledge in Confucian philosophy and poetry (Fletcher 2009). The idea of using standardized testing in colleges admissions came first from the introduction of the SAT in 1926, followed by The ACT created in 1959. Growing in popularity, both tests became accepted at many different universities across the nation

Statement Of Financial Position Key Ratios -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Statement Of Financial Position Key Ratios? Answer: Introducation As mentioned in the given case the chairperson of IASB is of the view that the former accounting standard for particularly leases did not necessarily reflect economic reality. As such under present accounting necessities, over and above 85% of the leases are referred to as operating leases and are not registered on business concerns balance sheet. Distinctly, the accounting unit necessarily does not replicate economic reality. Regardless of operating leases that is presented off the firms balance sheet, there remains no doubt regarding the fact that they generate authentic liabilities. Particularly, during the period of worldwide financial crisis, there were certain leading retail chains that went insolvent as they were not capable to adjust rapidly to the novel economic reality (Choubey 2016). Also, the firms had considerable operating lease commitments in the long-term on the firms stores, and nevertheless had deceivingly lean balance sheets. However, in actual fact liabilities pre sented off the balance sheet lease were more than 66 times higher than debt pronounced on firms balance sheet. In addition to this, the present accounting for leases directs towards a inadequacy of comparability. As per the existing status, the corporations operating under IFRS essentially lease assets as well as commitments that amounts to nearly $3.3 million, and out of that nearly 85% are operating leases. Again, in a bid to compensate the same, the financiers mainly comprise of the projections that are not consistent, that are not in agreement, incomparable as well as inaccurate (Edeigba and Amenkhienan 2017). Thereafter, this is nearly cited that previous accounting standard failed to replicate economic reality. As per the previous accounting standard, most of the corporations have registered around 85% of leases particularly realising the specific amount under operating leases. In particular, it did not reflect the ones stated under statement of financial position. Although the operating leases have not been registered under the pronouncement of financial position, there has been generation of firms actual liabilities (ztrk and Seremeli 2016). Therefore, during the period of financial crisis, there are certain retail corporations that have crumpled, as they failed to adjust quickly to economic reality. Also, the business concerns also had considerable commitments linked to the operating leases of the long term period. However, pronouncements of financial position of the firm have essentially been lean misleadingly. Therefore, the lease liabilities of the business concern under the arrangement and scheme of off balance sheet essentially been 66 times more in comparison to the values of the d ebt mentioned in the balance sheet assertion. The previous system of accounting associated to lease could lead to failure of comparability (ztrk and Seremeli 2016). Essentially, the aviation sector accounts most of the leases specifically in the structure of operating leases and the documentation is not carried out under the statement of financial position. Therefore, Airline Corporation engaged in the process of leasing all the aircraft fleet is necessarily not similar to that of the competitors buying all fleets. Nevertheless, the financial necessities of both categories of airline corporations are not unrelated. As such, this indicates towards the fact that there is nonexistence of level playing field among different airline corporations (Marshall 2016). In addition to this, with the initiation of novel standard, all kinds of leases can be specifically accounted as assets and leases would help in maintain documentation in the liability form. Therefore, it can be hereby approximated that the identified issues can be addressed and resolved. Any kind of alteration in the standard of accounting is likely to exert impact on approximately half of the business concerns that are listed and are not anticipated to be popular with all the corporations. However, the primary reason behind the same is that the alterations might perhaps direct the way towards controversies. Consequently this could result in development of warning effects associated to negative economic circumstances and costs related to the alterations in the specific system (Marshall 2016). For instance, banking covenants along with contractual agreements attached with the financial statements of the corporation for instance profit targets to arrange bonus disbursements to the members of the staff or else gearing ratio might possibly be needed for acquiring revisions before the process of insinuation of novel standards. Additionally, each segment of business calls for the need of obtaining deep insight of the impact of alteration that includes information technolog y, human resource, finance as well as finance department of financiers of investor associations and assets procurement (Choubey 2016). However, all these causes might perhaps lead to lack of recognition of new accounting standard. IFRS 16 will necessarily not alter the nature and characteristics of leases and that can be considered as an accountancy necessity. This implies that leases will still remain to be attractive and supple sources of finance for corporations for corporations that necessarily do not intend to put up with the risk of owning equipment/plant/premises. Whilst there will be a cost in the process of execution of IFRS 16, corporations are not required to put leases worth below $5000 or else with a duration not more than 12 months mentioned in the balance sheet (Choubey 2016). This is said to shield smaller corporations from some of expends. According to the new standard of accounting, it can be observed that most of the corporations are treating operating leases as off balance sheet specific. Accordingly, the financiers along with other users of financial pronouncements fail to acquire an effectual insight of financial circumstance of the corporation (Marshall 2016). Essentially, this limits th em to compare the corporations leasing assets with the purchasing assets of the corporation. Nevertheless, the novel standard is approximated to update the standard IFRS 16, plus it is expected that it would necessarily outweigh the costs, that again would direct towards greater informed decisions associated to investment (Choubey 2016). In actual fact, this would be reflected in the lease against buying decisions in an effectual manner on the part of the management. References Choubey, S., 2016. IFRS 16 Leases.The MA Journal,51(2), pp.91-94. Edeigba, J. and Amenkhienan, F., 2017. The Influence of IFRS Adoption on Corporate Transparency and Accountability: Evidence from New Zealand.Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal,11(3), pp.3-19. Marshall, D., 2016.Accounting: What the numbers mean. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. ztrk, M. and Seremeli, M., 2016. Impact of New Standard" IFRS 16 Leases" on Statement of Financial Position and Key Ratios: A Case Study on an Airline Company in Turkey.Business and Economics Research Journal,7(4), p.143.

Love and Devotion free essay sample

Dan and Ann had been waiting for this time ever since they fell In love two years ago. They were going to have a baby. The pregnancy had been a perfect one. Dan took very good care of Ann and the baby for he was a devoted husband, and had made Ann eat healthy and exercise very well. Everything had been great. One day Dan was half way through a meeting when he received a phone call from Ann. She told him that her water had just broken and her contractions were already really strong.He knew that he would not be able to get home on time to take ere to the hospital, so he called 911 and have an ambulance sent to his house. Since he couldnt be there for her, he stayed on the phone with her until she told him that the ambulance had arrived and then he raced to his car. We will write a custom essay sample on Love and Devotion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When he arrived, he saw Ann being wheeled on a stretcher. He rushed to her side. Then nurses quickly moved her up to the maternity ward and into her room so they could get her hooked up to the monitors to see how she and their baby was doing. Once the nurses got her hooked up to the monitor, they noticed that the babys heartbeat was very weak.Dan pet asking them what was wrong and they kept telling him that he would have to Walt for the doctor to come. Ann kept screaming from the pain and kept asking for something. The doctor finally came over and explained to them that their babys heartbeat was too weak to be delivered naturally. He was going to have to do an emergency C section on her. Ann asked him if her baby was going to make it and he reassured her that they could have their baby out as soon as possible. As Ann was being rushed up to the operating room, she couldnt help but start crying.Her pregnancy had been so wonderful and she was ready to start a new life with her hill and now this was happening and she didnt know why. Once they got her prepped, they allowed Dan to be by her side. The baby was having a harder time with each passing second. Once the doctor opened up Ann, he hurried and got the baby out. The nurses Immediately took the baby over to another table and started working on It. Dan was worried because he hadnt heard the baby cry yet, but the doctor reassured him that the baby was going to be fine. Then he went off to check the baby and came back in a few minutes with a very heavy look.With a sigh, he told Dan that heir baby had just died because he wasnt a healthy one to begin with. Dan was about to faint and wanted to die, but he couldnt because of Ann. He knew how devastated Ann was going to be. So he decided to be strong and take good care of Ann. He thanked God that at least Ann was safe. With heavy steps, he went out of the emergency room. It was later that day when Ann had woken up from the surgery. She was peacefully lying on the bed not knowing anything. He walked over to her and took her hand in his. She looked at him and smiled. He smiled back at her faintly and looked into her eyes very seriously.She sensed that something was very wrong so she asked him what the matter was. Holding back the tears rushing through his eyes, Dan told her what had happened. He told her that God had chosen to make their baby a guardian angel, Just as God had chosen them to find one another and fall In love. Ann let out a loud cry and didnt stop for t along time. Dan just held her close you could, Dan. You were a devoted father, loyal to the baby and me. Our baby is probably very grateful for what you have done for us. You have done all your duties as husband and father and I thank you for that. I love you, Dan